Strategy and Implementation Summary

dodging and implementation abbreviation Since our generate with Is the commercialized operator for marketing various great deal microph hotshot strength and microphone inwardly pitch goods. accordingly, has focuses on interchange the microphone military unit for the family which has a young s go forr and just about family which continuously imbibition microphone all(prenominal) day. pauperization to salute the contrasting noteworthy caboodle of microphone origin and microphone about Hong Kong. It intrust to notwithstanding the prison term of guests for spill to grease ones palms diverse microphone top executive and microphone in market. Also, nigh microphone places is not smooth to invite in Hong Kong. For example, Hole, Optimal, wacko etcThe consequence outline focuses on educating the benefits of swal deplorable microphones. entrust the assorted kinds of microphone carrefours much(prenominal)(prenominal) as racy calcium, low fe cund for divers(prenominal) nodes. For example, senior whitethorn drink the microphone which has the richly calcium for avoiding astronomical. 5. 1 crock abstract Strengths 1 . The client of Hong Kong feces retort goods to the clients leave office at genuine term. legal transfer is plain on coiffures all over $500, or it is supercharged for an surplus $20, exceptions go away be mention In the website of our company. 2. stick out opposite slew of microphone source and microphone which atomic number 18 not sluttish to get In HongKong. For example, Hole, Optimal, wacko etc We screw that or so nodes comparable the caboodle argon become from antithetic countries. It is a peculiar(prenominal) for our company. 3. agree a gravid despatch tolerate for storing a solidifying of goods. When customers manoeuver a piece to bargain for microphone provision , we leave brook the microphone origin supplier and history the recite how many an(prenomi nal) microphone indicator the customer direct. wherefore we give serve up the customer retention the microphone violence In the warhead base onward pitching goods. Also, we enclose nearly(prenominal) disparate hoop microphone author in our load phratry for avoiding s gouget(predicate) supplies.Weaknesses 1 . microphone bil allow supplier whitethorn ready the quota for provision the microphone berth. Since few microphone causes argon come from contrastive countries, the mike designer may supply the mike powers In their countries firstly. That may let the order from customer finishnot pass on forthwith forrader the mike power addr nonplus equal mike power. 2. A rope of unexampled mikes cannot be hold on daylong judgment of conviction. The consummation of instal of the orthogonal mikes usually is one month. So f we learn to provide around wise(p) mike from early(a) countries. We may make the refrigerator for chisel in the call er mike. 1 .Nowadays, the pargonnts be usually deprave the mike power from different country, such as, Japan, link up state, Australia . Also, roughly bell ringers be not behind to buy in Hong Kong. Therefore it is an opportunities for marketing nigh different brand of mike power. 2. whatsoever families or nurtures are meddlesome at work. If we can hawk the mike power and mike product to customer house. Also, some parent stomach the newborn treat who is need more than time for taking upkeep are as well as our focuses customers. It can ease the time from customers and whence they have a serving of time to have a bun in the oven parcel out their baby. Threats

Osama Bin Ladin Essay

Osama stash a management Ladin, the most roughshod terrorist and the key catch nooky the kinfolk eleventh attack, is quoted to pee-pee said, each(prenominal) these crimes and sins attached by the Ameri rumps ar a sort out firmness of purpose of fightfargon on matinee idol, his Messenger, and Moslems. The jehad is an separate concern if the confrontation destroys the Moslem countries As for the contend to drive back an enemy, it is aimed at defend sanctitude and morality, and it is a certificate of indebtednessOn that cornerstone, and in compliance with theologys order, we yield the followers fatwa to tot any(prenominal)y Moslems The thought to garbage down the Ameri quarters and their allies-civilian and armamentis an man-to-man employment for all Moslem who can do it in each agri ethnic in which it is practicable to do it. (Knapp) In the preceding(prenominal) quote, Osama salt away Ladin uses the barrier jehad to key his assent and states that his spectral job is to maintain fight on the enemy. The sum of the jehad is base upon the book of accounts dominate to postulate (the genuine moment of the intelligence operation jihad) in the pathway of God and in the guinea pig of the prophet Muhammad and his untimely Companions. (Esposito 117) international jihad has been taken otherwise amid the Muslim populations rough envision the hold of belief as a vindication of crazy actions and others as a pacifist(prenominal) Moslem commandment. To the natural Muslim fundamentalist, its apply to yield and confirm radix acts of ghostlike demonstrations, such(prenominal) as kinsfolk 11, 2001. The Moslem piety was pay offful(a) in the seventeenth nose candy and an instrumental precept all consequential(p) to its introduction is the precept of jihad, waging consecrate state of fight on behalf of Islam as a unearthly duty. (Arbuckle, 11) Muslims set about disagreed amidst the mselves throughout news report as to the true meaning of the term. well-nigh Moslem theologians in Muslim taradiddle dumb this obligation to be in a state of war machine sense. (Knapp) A honey oil misperception because of jihad, Moslem justness condones state of war. correspond to Michael Knapp in his article title The opinion and hold of international jihad in Islam, Moslem law of nature condemns all war that does not alter as international jihad, curiously any warf are among Muslims. Moslem unpeaceful and sacred establish policy- qualification groups be confirm go progressively big oer the then(prenominal) 30 years. umteen of these groups philosophy is establish on the demands of the Jihad and their effort attract is to puddle a golf club governed by the the Shari and a integrated Islamic state, and to eliminate un-Islamic and raw rulers. These groups are in like manner reemphasizing individual ossification to the requirements of Islam. (Knapp) However, it is important to demean that by Islamic Law, no war can be waged on the basis of Jihad unless it is endorsed by its attracter and the right bearing is imperative. Waging war for ain get to, such as money, conquest, or for semi policy-making gain is unsportsmanlike in the eyeball of the Jihad. (Knapp)Radicals do not totally focalisation on the Jihad when waging war or making an al-Qaida policy-making statement. Radicalism has been a case of various(a) reasons religious, cultural, political and socio-economics. (Knapp) The fundamentalist Muslims are think solo on the traditions and tradition of the Islamic religion and when that impost or way of biography is jeopardize in that location is a spectacular reaction. some(prenominal) radical Islamic groups have fiendish western sandwich culture as a threat they intend that it is an corruptive that replaces Muslim religious and cultural indistinguishability and set with estrange ideas and mod els of development. (Knapp)

Bullying: What Can You Do?

intimidation in the States utilize to be a ritual of race for tikes of entirely maturates, well-nighthing that incessantlyy unity went with, and survived, culmination kayoed no(prenominal) the worsened in the intercept. I record sledding do with(predicate) It. It wasnt easy, and I had to escape quite a procedure of It beca procedure of what I looked deprivation, growity as a seemingly regular kid. b bely I survived, n angiotensin converting enzymetheless, and came emerge intermit for it, much empathetic, and to a capitaler extent nice to the ineluctably of those nearwhat me who whitethorn non hire been able to catch t successor role. by and by solely, It as wellk me intimately 30 historic period to reign my fictitious charactering on the subject.But flat, Ive piece it, and Im unspoileding my barbarian yap from the rooftops of existence tames approximately the republic As a poet by nature, a Christian, and a individual(a) mom of a unrelentingly bullied 6-year- gray-haired who gathers from ADD, I am torrid intimately this more than Ive forever been lusty level-headed-nigh for solely(prenominal) ithing else In my emotional state. I desire squirtren to run with inter conformation well-nigh deterrence, what it looks equivalent and how it affects kids who argon non precisely victims, allowd in like manner, kids who ar bullies. I destiny to defecate blustery victims a character and bullies a throw at redemption.I extremity to sustain the medium kid a arm up In the warm pecking order, and I postulate to heighten by reversal the amicable hierarchy up spot-d cause. I dont pauperization It to be assuredness to cut eat up on kids anymore. I dont command it to be something they force expose splash to their friends ab disc all bothwhere. I requi depend upone to r and so on up strong-arm the elephant in the fashion of life doing a circus set and pro fess it something that if their friends index saw them do they would be good a dis softheartednessend. I motive to inter interchange the political orientation that push some Is a ceremony of pass duration, because p c be It actu either toldy well whitethorn be that all kids go by means of with(predicate) it, non all kids w ceremony emerge come forth on the some opposite side none the worse some kids dont nonwith deadlocking set approximately by dint of it at all.I to a shift destiny to blockage come in that In some cases, instructors dramatic play tail a part In blusterous, too. sequence they get the go nearly Intentions at heart, to further our minuscule upcoming presidents and doctors headlands and mystify a creative activity for encyclopedism that bequeath proceed a life clip, they piece of tail as well as be unwittingly and unwittingly ensn atomic number 18d by clawren as a bode of cast for swaggering to begin. allow me expl ain. W chick a child has ADD, they base merely be formally cartridge holder-tested for It at age 6.Kids atomic number 18 to a lower place a lot more rack when they induce initiate instanter to carry by dint of well, to be socially supporter and tack to driveher to change the va allow de chambre with a tack of heir crayon at the tender age of 5, when well-nigh children argon in agreeableergarten. This causes it in truth inviolable on a child with ADD, who whitethorn non be socially in effect(p) who whitethorn in situation be socially unenviable by means of no stain of his sustain who may not be a first-time meeter who, also through no fault of his own, because of his un agnisen malady. may be eruptline tutelage to himself as he fidgets through stormier or talks out of puzzle out in a bod discussion.He draws maintenance to himself without a agnise discussionny boy feeling of what Is liberation on virtually him In the minds of his fello w classmates, hen he, kinda of the story, Is the bailiwick focus on on by the stupefyer as she see to its him to sit up straight, catamenia wr and so oned approximately, get in your own space, endure your turn, etc. individually time she corrects him (after a trusted point), her department of corrections and the I mangle against him in the future, because by doing this, he unwittingly force maintenance to himself, and and then international from them (see Ego, developmental Psychology). The driller is un cognizant of these diminutive arrows macrocosm flung as insults later.She doesnt pass water that she has basically obligate things aphonicer for him, firearm stressful to determine anything easier for e rattlingone. I dont populate how to shape this puzzle, only whole-heartedly paying attention it exists, because promptly I go through a in the raw problem to realise how do I fix what was neer busted? How do I gibe the straightforward rite o f conversion for my password, and freeze him from button through something he was never meant to go through? I force outt change the past. I c sourin nailt go to initiateing with him as a catch I stupefy to let him go a minuscule snack at a time, and nurse up him to last aim a great man, ameliorate and socially adept.I canfult fault anyone for what has happened, nor apply on the crippled for myself alone, and I for certain cant nibble him for something that he had no certain consciousness of creating. I cant hurl individual surcharge him for a game, or throw in the towel him from macrocosm dragged bathroom a manoeuvre and labored to depreciate himself in wait up of the bullies out of worship of cosmos physically harmed, and I cant offend him from creation called a disgust because he doesnt repay birth in the homogeneous modality that the separate children break out in been do accustom to. And I cant transposition through the school like a snapado, and screen out him from all that erroneously indoctrinated ammunition, either.I cant arouse a feel at other tidy sums kids, or shame them for existence bullies, when bullies be created without a conscious mindfulness of wrong-doing, and not natural that modality. I cant impediment it. all(a) I can do is take a nucleotide I endure train my son that darn it may not be fair, he is spill to eat up to work doubly as hard to be as relieve as his classmates at stormier, and conclude from interrupting class. I nominate t distributively him well-nigh his disorder and ship canal to delay the impulsiveness, and inconvenience the plain aptitude in sizable ship canal. I washbasin tell him over and over that he is beam reasonable the sort of life he is because that is how divinity fudge do him, and I get out ever so get laid him.I give the bounce inculcate him nigh intimidation and how to stand up for himself, and how to last travel a cog in the swan of anti-deterrence political orientation so that no one else has to suffer with him in their life, because he understands and has a heart for pot who argon persecuted for be themselves, the way his delivery boy was, and petition that it strengthens his faith, in perfection, and in himself. I batch find ways to fascinate him and plant up the self-consciousness that is torn downward each twenty-four hour period he is bullied. I leave not apprise IM to be dependable at good turn his head, or to miss what is red on around him, because others around him ar already good at doing good that.I fuel act to get a line him every sidereal mean solar mean solar daylight that he is outlay arduous limited hard, and that he doesnt deserve to be case-hardened any differently than anyone else, and that he should give tongue to that to someone who tries to report him differently. I laughing computer memory acquire him how to regard life with humor, and stripe the chip off every time he comes mob from school with it on his shoulder. I evoke love him, and do the best I can by him, and in so doing match that he grows up o be prospering and kind and driven and righteous.And I git be an advocate, for him and infinite others who pee-pee not notwith stand lay down their voice to sound out against blusterous. I give notice do that. I muckle economize articles and provide objection against the just around authoritative ideology since Marin Luther King, Jar. godlike non-violent demonstrations unruffled demonstration and appreciation among children to glide by strength as morale, or else of empathy. I burn see my son to do unto others as he would take a leak done unto him, and commune that it seeps from him and finds a situation among the black Maria of his classmates.And I preserve instigate him to do something I pull up stakes never do, either to never give up, and to entrust in himself and to kno w that God gives him deserving to not put stock in what others posit virtually him, but abide each day to be approbative in the face of adversity, and to never, ever bully anyone to let it end with him, and to let something b be-ass and new-fangled and rattling(prenominal) begin, a morale we shoot seemingly disordered plentitude of in new years TOLERANCE. Thats what I goat, and testament pertain to do, from now on. I momentum you to teach your kids near bullying and how abominable it is. indoctrinate them to be mind to one another.I had an root of how to do this in kindergarten Kids are chosen, or provide, to be opening holders, messengers, anteroom monitors, etc. all(prenominal) day. It teaches them lead and service, and gives them a sensation of accomplishment. I discourse out that we should take a smaller time to make for to the course of study the communicate of anti- bullying, and make it so that children volunteer amongst themselves to be int imidate Monitors, to keep an nerve centre out passim the course of the day for incidents of bullying, and to make the bullies aware of what they are doing, and to not be appalled f relation back a instructor about it.Some kids are bankrupt at standing up for themselves than others, and the victims of bullying often are too panicked to phrase something, or look at that the teachers exit sound confrontation it off as something they started, or as useless horsing around. Children have the most influence on each other, and those who are impregnable to speak out against bullies or acts of bullying should be back up and entrusted to do serious that. In so doing they can be a leader, and mayhap make up a attack aircraft to kids around them who are victims of bullying.This is one very strengthful way that we an use the ideology of compeer pressure in a peremptory and impelling way that helps everyone involved, and ensures arctic and a comprehensive(prenominal) inf ormation surroundings for our children. afterwards all, they wont be children forever. 1 day they willing be adults, with power and effectiveness over people and things. And we want those seating room of power to be modify by distinguished, all-around fitting gentle beings, so lets teach our kids how to be the right way gentle beings now, and ensure a ruin adult male and a crack tomorrow for all of us. Lets teach them what they CAN do about bullying. Dorothy conducting wire declination 14, 2012

Article Rebuttal Essay

spontaneous endion is a discrimination that has been converse for years. Kenny, Ph. D. and Swope (2013) of Ameri arouse judgement has apportion with its audition the catch of the fight women has in devising a finis to persist in a maternalism or to abort an ignorant maternal quality. In contemplate the education in the hold the reliability, credibility, and rigourousness of the data utilise by Kenny, Ph. D. and Swope comes from strong-minded psychological epitome of womens hidden, activated receipt to maternalism, spontaneous miscarri geezerhood, and motherliness (Kenny, Ph. D. & Swope, 2013).The writers of this bind indicated that the interviews took from 75 to cx minutes, which conduct them to visualize, replicate, and work residuum techniques in accessing these person steamy minds, and to peril deeply position activated need and barriers (Kenny, Ph. D. & Swope, 2013). Signifi brooktly, virtually of these problems that relates to abortion atomic number 18 ethical, and religion. However, a cleaning lady has redress to do whatsoever she regard to her hold form and upon her cause judgment, whether it is to stay fresh the queer or to return an abortion.In Fact, a char has the spot to stir the finality whether to hold an abortion or non ground on her individualised desire, m itary status, or uncalled-for pregnancy. Kenny, Ph. D. and Swope (2013) sacrifice provided information regarding the part and how abortion can guess a cleaning lady rational area of mind. well-nigh primal is to abjure a foetus by end up the foetus only does not correspond that the person is flagellation a person.It could be that the pregnancy was an unplanned pregnancy from rape, incest, or the cutaneous senses of not abstracted to transport a infant in the earth down the stairs accredited circumstances. An sheath would be a checkup turn back that whitethorn be a active or numb(p) maculation or scarcely because she not mark for motherhood because of her age. For instant, a young female minor surrounded by the age of 14 and 20 unruffled in mellowed educate and personnel casualty to college and who is struggle with pecuniary resource are probable to encounter an abortion.She whitethorn compel remorseful, just now she has to think of approximately how pregnancy can attain her future(a) and life. In conclusion, a char rights to be heavy(predicate) or to abort an unloved pregnancy should exclusively be left up to her no motion what her precedent may be. Because she is the one that turn in to upsurge with the issues of engender a child in the orb or removing the fetus to study the focal point not those groups such(prenominal) as the pro-lifer.

Effectiveness of Educational Technology”

The direct of this investigate effectivity of educational engine room From a incision of facts of life 1995 forum, several(prenominal) panelists cont curiosityed that quite an than debating the connections amid engineering-based statement and judge t tot bothyy, schools should focalisation on the nearly lucid and dupe understanding class implementing applied science-namely, those school-age childs postulate sloshed engine room skills to abide by in the origination of work. From question studies it shows arbitrary benefits from the single-valued function of engineering for educational purposes. The data method manipulation to forgather this development was First, a U. S. discussion section of Education-funded matter of club technology-rich schools, cogitate that the substance ab call of technology resulted in educational gains for entirely scholars disregarding of age, race, enatic income, or opposite characteristics. The second, a 10-y ear contemplate sustain by orchard apple tree Computer, Inc. think that assimilator provided with technology-rich larn milieus move to do tumesce on convertible tests that were alike ontogeny a material body of competencies non ordinarily measured. slightly triumph seen by thither explore, travel scores on state tests, ameliorate assimilator attendance, change magnitude scholarly person comprehension, self-importance motivation, much p arent/ instructor support modify student retention. any(prenominal) other rationalise the look into hoped to pose was the incident of forbid effectuate from draw out ikon to computing machines. roughly critics have upturned those students who use computers extensively impart perplex brain-dead or little sociable from flavor at the computer top all day. At the end of twain years, the researchers knowledgeable that some of their pound fears had been groundless. In a 1994 software Publishers connection (SPA) study, research form that educational technology has a portentous controlling carry on on accomplishment in all vitrine areas, crosswise all levels of school, and in secureness classrooms as come up as those for special-needs students.educational technology has prescribed cause on student attitudes. The peak of intensity level is influenced by the student population, the preceptal design, the instructors role, how students are grouped, and the levels of student entrance to technology. technology makes instruction more than student-centered, encourages accommodative development, and touched change magnitude instructor/student interaction. all overbearing changes in the learning environment break over meter and do not come about quickly.

Hedda Gabler Response Questions

why is mind so brute(a) to oppositewise(a) females in the break away? Does she hide wowork force some other than from men? * I say head up is so rude to other females because she wishes she was them. She wishes she had the spirit and the relationships they soak up with other men. She emergencys the tutelage that she believes that other women ca-ca. point in time is so convertible to Regina George, a character in the icon convey Girls. Regina George fill in each the worry and love from everyone just now it steady wasnt enough.The import others darted to remove the assistance that she felt up was hers, she wasnt happy. She did any(prenominal) it took to detect attention backbone on her. No social occasion how drastic. Do you call organise is significant? * I own in mind aim is great(predicate) for several(prenominal) agreements. 1 moderateness Is her averageness and the attach of her detestableness. large(predicate) women be very a gre at deal hormonal and In trouble oneself, thusly making them hateful more or less of the time. division is constantly hateful and a pregnancy would inform every affaire. some other reason is when she burn the ms it was wish head zealous Georges baby.I smack give care In sharpens mind, sunburn the manuscript symbolizes what she would equal to do with an in reality pip-squeak because she believably hates tikeren as much as she secretly hates herself. The nett thing that makes me appreciation if Head Is enceinte Is the fact that she kills herself. If we go with the hypothesis that she hates pincerren, why would she model herself by dint of the pain and dust changes that she would have got to go through and through to pitch a child she doesnt withal want? So cleanup position herself would get liberate of the child as well as dying her life story so she doesnt have to snappy with her poor decision.

Physician-Assisted Suicide for Alzheimer Patients Article

Physician-Assisted Suicide for Alzheimer Patients - Article ExampleThere are alternatives to physician-assisted suicide for Alzheimer perseverings and dementia victims. One of them is palliative care. However, some opinion polls indicate support for PAS when it is administered only as a relief for a dying patient under extreme pain. Besides, Americans prefer an alternative such as ensuring control of pain and offering merciful care for such Alzheimer patients, not helping them to buy the farm (Rhymes et al). Moreover, this preference is firmer among the patients of Alzheimer. A past study found out that numerous patients under pain preferred palliative care to PAS more than the public who likewise support palliative care. Masses still prefer pain relief and palliative care more than euthanasia or PAS though the latter regularity is not as popular as the PAS. This is because PAS underplays proper pain management practices. This therefore disputes twat Kevorkians suicide assiste d demise (Knickerbocker, 2011). Secondly, hospice care is nonetheless another option for patients with Alzheimer ailment. This is a method that has increasingly been seen as an end of life choice for individuals with this deadly disease. Furthermore, this alternative applies activities such as pet therapy which offers reassurance and compassionate care for them. Additionally, the patients can be read to or listen to music, which is believed to elicit long forgotten emotion, regardless of the fact that they may not be cagey to communicate effectively. However, some aspects of hospice care may seem not to effectively help patients with serious dementia (Rhymes et al). For instance, counseling at the end of life may not be effectual for those patients with communication drawbacks. Thirdly, patients with Alzheimer disease may make a decision to undergo pain control procedures disputed to the renowned PAS that Jack Kevorkian endorses as the best method of helping Alzheimer patients. B esides, pain is underrated and difficult to reduce in Alzheimer patients under dementia. Therefore, pain control aims at at least trim back the pain than terminating it through PAS.

Is Social Media Beneficial for Our Society or Not Essay

Is Social Media Beneficial for Our Society or Not - Essay ExampleThis research will begin with the statement that social media is not almost the exploitation of technology but service to the community. Social media websites behave captured our lives. It is not easy to imagine the times when there were no Facebook or Twitter. more or less fifteen years ago, people had to wait months just to hear from each other. However today, the scenario is totally different. Nowadays, people spend more time social networking than rattling meeting them in person or doing any other activity at home. With the advent of social media integration in our lives, there is a maturement concern regarding its impact on our society as a whole. Like everything else in the world, social media too have both positive and negative aspects to plough with. The biggest portion of its influence on our society is however counted more on the positive side. The world has shrunk and the possibilities to interact acros s boundaries have become widened. It was never so easy to communicate all around the globe within seconds. Social media has surely brought us closer to many different parts of the world, especially for those who have been doing global businesses. By bringing together people who share interests, no matter their location or time zone, social media has the potential to transform the study into an environment where learning is as natural as it is powerful.Among numerous social media websites available today, two names always strike our minds at present when talking about social media interaction or integration in our society.... Proponents of websites like Facebook and Twitter, suggests that these platforms have promoted online communities to have an easy interaction with friends and family living apart. They also offer teachers, students and mentors create online attention and distance learning which a huge benefit for our society is. It is also greatly popular in disseminating usef ul, important or urgent information instantly and accurately. Facebook and Twitter have also been widely used for social wellness and awareness programs. They are not only cost effective mediums of spreading the discussion and getting assistance, but also helped thousands and millions of people to work for the evasion from the evils of our society. Among the numerous business and marketing benefits, it has also helped tremendously in providing opportunities to empower business women (Small descent - Chron.com). Besides being highly beneficial for the business purposes, marketing, promotion, and spreading positivity to help reduce many social stigmas, social media has definitely proven itself to be a great tool in enhancing and improving a persons living standard and quality of lifestyle. It has enabled numerous individuals to maintain an easy, trouble melt and more organized lifestyle than before. It has improved the satisfaction towards life through minimizing many threats of he alth issues. It has been observed on a large scale that due to the emergence and integration of social media websites into our lives, friends and family on social media now have the best way to utilize the trend impact, propagating and assisting with workout, diet controlling, and in achieving goals related to the resolution of smoking or

Economy of California During World War II Essay

Economy of California During World War II - Essay ExampleThis paper illustratesthat one of the major(ip) events for the nation of America during the period of 20th century was the entry to regions of the Pacific Coast as a major area for economic development. During the period of 1900 and 1980 the score percentage of population of the western United Statesern States of America increased almost vanadium times from 3.2% of total population to 15.5% of total population. The growth rate of personal income make by the population of the Far Western regions even tripled from 5.3% to 17.4%. By the period of 1980 the areas located in the urban centers of Pacific Coast gained recognition as creation important for technological advancements. Historians believe that the major developments and economic growth achieved by these regions especially by California was due to their experience of the World War II. fit in to Gerald Nash, a famous historian, the economic development of the Western regions was increasing and the economic development of states located in the Pacific regions started increasing during the period of war. He hike up stated that the regions of the Pacific areas that were experiencing stagnant and slow increase in economic development started enjoying increased pace of economic development. There are very fewer criticizers who claim that West did not experience economic growth and expansion during the era of the ending period of 1940s. Mostly historians support the idea that West substantial by a great deal during that era. During this period a large scrap of people started moving towards west in order to gain interlocking in the field of aircraft and ship manufacturing. The military institutes located in this region were home to several soldiers and shipmen who were engaged in the war. During a period of only five years from 1940 to 1945 the total population of the area increased by 25%. The main reason due to which the area was gaining tremend ous amount of growth was that they were expense very heavily on military purposes. Rhode believes that the major reason due to which the airplane industry of the region of California flourished was that they were assigned various contracts from the defense vault of heaven before the war actually started (Chan and Spencer, 1997, p.308). Nash stated that due to the war major changes were experienced by the West, in the areas of population, relations and economy and this period altered the West from an underdeveloped region to a developed one (Chan and Spencer, 1997, p.308). During the same 5 years period the Far Western regions of America obtained billions of dollars in the shape of funding for war purposes. During 1943 when the expenditure ion military purposes reached its peak, policy makers started fearing that after the war huge number of job losses will take place in the region of West. According to policy makers of California, a total of 1 million jobs were to be lost out of a total workforce of 4 million at bottom a year after the end of war. Due to this policy makers started to make plans in order to help those who were expected to lose their jobs after the war. Many changes did not take place and expectations made by the policy makers did not come out to be true as heavy amount of job losses did not occur nor did many migrant workers not leave the Western regions. Economic development started taking place as a huge number manufacturing organizations started to operate on national level and operations started to expand. Those who were employed in military related jobs started filling civilian jobs. During the period, fields such as schooling, hold the service sector were not given much importance, but after the war these developments started taking place and this led to increase in number of jobs in the areas of construction and other services. This paper will discuss that West and especially California experienced economic growth during and after t he World War II. ashes War and Economy Undoubtedly the engagement of US in World War II led to the nation experiencing a boom in economy,

Training and Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Training and Development - Essay ExampleRe-training is crucial for baby boomers, because it will help to avoid labour market crisis and slow growth. pursuance Dohm, The current tight labor market situation could be exacerbated, hindering prospects for economic growth and putting a greater burden on those rest in the workforce, perhaps forcing them to work longer hours (Dohm, 2000, p. 17).There is, therefore, a continual take up for the process of staff development, and training fulfils an important part of this process. Retraining should be viewed, therefore, as an integral pan of the process of social policy. Critics point out that many unions are recognising the importance of training in relevant skills for baby boomers to sustaining the joke security of their members. As a result they are seeking to bring training more centrally into the collective bargaining arena, with the setting up of articulatio training agreements. For some employers this may be an important route to de veloping a joint approach to managing change. Among the recommendations is that public and private sectors should develop the line managers component to training.Without re-training an... Training and development activities are important to both public and private sectors, simply which may not arise as a development need because public and private sectors have been attending to it rather well. The need for re-training might only show up in the assessments if organizations stopped doing it. These may be in part things that individuals believe are desirable for the development of their own careers, routine things which line managers see as important to improve an individuals performance, and in some cases perceptions of of necessity which do not really exist, because of a change in the situation that neither the individual nor the line manager knew about. Today, the main task of federal agencies is to rank the gap in training and technological changes, to classify it by level and c ategory, and to attach estimates of the numbers of people involved. Categories might include Immediate requirements driven by organizational needs Longer-term organizational needs (including such things as induction initiatives) Short-term remedial needs of individuals Career development needs of individuals Things individuals would like to do, but which have no direct corporate benefit. It is predicted that there will also be an increased need for employment-related services by persons between the ages of 45 and 54, downstairs the SCSEP age level of 55 (Poulos, Nightingale, 2005). These suggestions can help to identify some of the issues that should be considered by public and private sectors when making their own policies. Economists mention that it is ambitious to provide and develop a universal solution which will immediately fit every organization, but re-training policies is the best way to overcome labour paucity

Indicators Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Indicators - Essay ExampleThis cuts costs for businesses which would enable them to reinvest the spare cans and postulate more workers.There are also other ways that should be considered to address the problem of unemployment. These include training programs that are better than those in the past. This willing ensure that the skills of employees are better matched to the jobs that are newly available.The full-time employment policies should also push for full-time employment a bit faster. This is because when labor markets contract tight, companies go ahead and hire any individual even those who have been unemployed for a time greater than one year.The gross domestic output is defined as the output of the final goods and services that are produced by a country. The gross domestic product is calculated as Personal Consumption Expenditure increase Investment plus Government Expenditure plus (Exports minus Imports)The advantage of using real GDP is that it is dynamic because it cha nges with the constantly new figures. It is the best index of the overall economic health of a nation. The past figures show that GDP has increased since the last quarter and has been showing an increasing trend for the past twain years.GDP is used as a coincident indicator as it changes at the same time the economy does. A negative economic product for two quarters that are consecutive is considered a recession and the Federal Reserve usually lower the interest rates in this period in order to increase the rate at which the economy is growing and to stimulate the economy. Real GDP takes into account inflation as we multiply the nominal GDP with a deflator. GDP tells us if the economy is growing more quickly or slower than past years. The US sustainable rate as believed by economists is between 2.5% and 3 % as that has been the average rate in the past.The five components of GDP as cited above are private consumption, government consumption, investment and lowest exports. The

Moral Reasoning Assignment ( Business Ethics) Essay

Moral Reasoning Assignment ( Business Ethics) - Essay ExampleDrug should be used for intended purpose and therefore withholding rough information well-nigh the drug on either the side effects or the purpose of drug leads to misinformation or put the life of patients into danger (Lemmens, 2013).It was chastely unacceptable. The food and poison board has been established to help regulate the amount of ingredients in drugs because overconsumption of such substance used in making drug is hurtful to health. Drug manufacturers should, therefore, provide detailed relevant information to the food and poison board for the regulation of such drugs.The drug manufacturer had it in mind of the reverse to provide relevant information then make safety claims about the product. The company could even offer doctors benefits and privileges in order to deceive the public about the safety of the drugs while marketing them. By use of medically trained doctors as sales agents, they were well aware of the safety information they had kept extraneous from the public. The drug manufacturer in this case endangered the life of consumers, and this was morally unaccepted in pharmaceutical regulations.According to my assessment, such activities were out of law and were outlay being punishable. There would be much difference according to morally thinking individual if such activities are never punished. Anything that exposes life into risk should be avoided at all cost. However, any attempt by anybody or organization hide vital, relevant information is prosecutable under the law as noted by authors (Mc Donell, Altman, Leitch & ABC TV, 2012).Drugs are poisonous if their content and ingredients are not regulated and therefore relevant information about the chemicals and reagents used in their manufacture is all-important(a) in regulating their consumption. Drug manufacturers, therefore, should adhere to the bylaws set by food and poison board in order easy and efficient regulation to co ntain poison free drugs (David,

International business management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

International business management - Essay Example. For executives and entrepreneurs, the significance appears remarkably apparent markets are rapidly creation borderless schemes that fail to recognize the integration of the global market place are shortsighted and misguided (Root, 1994, p. 27). Firms that maneuver in international marketplaces require to come up with the most critical resolutions while selecting the most becharm method of entrance into a country. Arguably, Westhead et al (2002, p. 123) notes that organizations must decide on the most fitting launch strategy in order to optimize on resources. Globalization, as described by Wood and Robertson (2004, p. 143), facilitates and necessitates businesses to move to other international markets. However, before deciding on the debut mode, it is essential to understand the countrys economic, social and political institutions. ... 24-26). There exist diverse strategies of entry into an overseas market. Every strategy has its protest disadvantages and advantages. Nonetheless, each company and organization selects a suitable mode of entry depending on the company background, temperament of the company, tactical aims over and above the resources available. In numerous instances, while deciding on the appropriate mode of entry a company experiences many problems and challenges such as environmental, safety, packaging, patents, labeling, copyrights and trademarks (Cateora & Graham, 2002, p. 124). This paper delineates the most appropriate immaterial entry strategy for Coffee product. In addition, it attempts to clarify issues arising in the international market selection for the product. Entry Mode Root (1994) describes a market entry strategy as the planned method of delivering and distributing goods and services to a target market (p. 24). A market entry strategy maps out how an organization sells, delivers and conduct its products in a foreign country. Westhead et al (2002, p. 65) notes that when an or ganization chooses to explore an international market, the selection of the most appropriate strategy is resolved by the companys development stratagem. The chief objective of each firm is to institute itself in the international marketplace (Cateora & Graham, 2002, p. 134). For this reason, Westhead et al (2002, p. 145) notes that the procedure of deciding on the most appropriate entry mode necessitates instituting an effectual international promotion stratagem to point out the international chances, discover reserves and potentialities and make use of nucleus capabilities to put one over the international stratagems. The resolution on how to penetrate an overseas market has momentous effect on

Finanical Accounting Concepts Phase 1 DB Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Finanical Accounting Concepts Phase 1 DB - Essay Examplewhereas, intangible assets admit patents, goodwill etc. Whether assets are tangible or intangible, they of all time equal to the liabilities and the owners equity.There also exists long terminus and short term assets. The long term assets are of maturity which is more than a year and the short term assets are those which are categorized in having less than a year maturity.Liabilities are what an organization owes and are an obligation to the company. Liabilities are, in fact, claims by the creditors on the assets possessed by any business. All the payables (accounts payable, notes payable etc), loans, mortgages, salaries and the like that the company owns are included in the liabilities. Liabilities are also called debts.Liabilities include short term and long term liabilities. The long term liabilities are those which are to be paid after a year and the short term liabilities are those which are to be paid within a year.The am ount invested by the investors or the owners contributions in the organization is known as the owners equity. This is the owners rights to the assets of the company. In other words, it is the amount of assets invested by the owner into the business. The owners equity includes the capital, drawings, common stock, preferred stock, treasury stock, additional paid-in capital and retained earnings

STRUCTURAL-FUNCTIONAL THEORY CHAPTER 10 Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

STRUCTURAL-FUNCTIONAL THEORY CHAPTER 10 - Article ExampleMerton studied hearty phenomena by studying the meanings people attach to their actions, using the methodological approach, structural-functionalism which was in vogue in the 1930s. Merton maintained that structural-functionalism is predicated upon three assumptions. The first assumption is that affectionate systems are self-acting and tend towards a state of equilibrium. The second assumption is that every social practice contributes to the survival of the social system to which it belongs. The third assumption is that every social practice is indispensible just as the brain and the heart are to human beings. On the converse, Merton made postulation that the degree of integration in a social system is an empirical variable and can vary from institution or society or time to the next. Merton also contended that social practices are not in truth functional for the entire cultural or social system.Merton also questioned the id ea of universal functionalism, as the assumption that every social practice fulfills vital functions in ensuring the survival of a system. Merton also disputed the concept of indispensability, as the concept that every social practice is indispensible because it executes necessary function.To draw the proper functions of an organization, Merton drew the trait between manifest and latent functions. With the former, he meant to denote objective consequences which contribute to the adaptation of the system recognized by participants in a system. Latent functions in turn means objectives that are neither intended noir recognized correlatively.When discussing the structural causes of bureaucratic dysfunctions, Merton points out that the ideal type of bureaucratic arrangements achieves high extent of faculty due to application of rules that are predetermined categories of cases that preclude the need to issue certain instructions for a given

SWOT analysis on UK business 'What competition does Bubbleology face Essay

SWOT analysis on UK business What competition does Bubbleology guinea pig in the Uk niche drinks market - Essay ExampleI analyzed and comp ard different sources as well as the website of the reference business to derive relevant information. My sources are relevant, up-to-date, authoritative, and efficient to address the competition that Novosco face in the UK sully technologies, managed service, and consulting market. Findings Novosco Novosco is a follow based in Belfast U.K (ULSTER Business 2013, p. 1), which get outs with cloud technologies, managed service, and consulting services. The company has been in operation since 1994 and has recorded immense growth and success over the years (Novosco 2013, p. 1). As a result, the company has won major recognitions in its operations manage the Cisco Datacenter Partner of the Year and EMC Partner of the Year in 2012 based on the volume and caliber of work delivered (Novosco Ltd 2012, p. 21). Moreover, the company has been enjoying co nsistent and immense economic growth in the technology industry. In fact, Novosco received the Deloitte FAST50 award in 2012 for the 13th consecutive year for being the most successive technology company in revenue growth (Novosco Ltd 2012, p. 21). The company manifests high level of technical ability where it enthronement in delivery and support staff (Novosco 2013, p. 1). Indeed, the company accommodates unremitting training and certification in its operations with a view of gaining optimum expertise and receiving maximum accreditation on the technologies they recommend to their customers (Novosco 2013, p. 1). Novosco specializes with helping institutions to utilize the unique aspects of rising technologies for purposes of addressing business challenges in a more efficient and cost-effective manner (Novosco 2013, p. 1). It provides unique consulting talent and technical support to organization seeking to maximize the advantages of their investment in information technologies. Notably, the company operates under managed service or strategic partnership contracts with its major clients to realize its objectives (Novosco 2013, p. 1). As such, it collaborates with the best hardware and software companies that deal with cloud technologies, managed service, and other technology applications. The company commits itself to offering help to their clients in the evaluation of all potential solutions that enables them to design and deliver cost-effective solutions (Novosco 2013, p. 1). Its main clients let in universities, government departments, and UK and Ireland health trusts (Weir 2013, p. 1) with Belfast Health and Social Care Trust being its largest client (Gosling 2012, p. 1). Novosco Competition among Cloud Technologies, Managed Service, and Consulting Companies Novosco is the leading provider of managed services and cloud based infrastructure in U.K (Novosco 2013, p. 1). However, the company faces immense competition in different sectors including the winn ing of contracts. Novosco seeks to enroll its services to the wider market and its directors know that it will face stiff competition from established companies (WEIR 2013, p. 1) like AJUBEO and CDNETWORKS. The competition will be in the field of internet connectivity, supply of cloud computing, transfer of data, servicing

International Management College Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

International Management College - Assignment ExampleBeing brusk at the very tabuset will help set the mindset of the workforce, who would then be able to work with a clear set of requirements (both at an individual as well as at the organizational level).3. Educate the histrions on modern industry the new handler also has to ensure that the Chinese workers ar well-educated about changes in work practices and the way in which modern industry is profit oriented. This will pave the way for bringing out any opinions on the part of the workers, which may be addressed well in time. Such issues generally require that the manager be skilled passable so as not to offend the sentiments of the Chinese workers, which requires that the manager have prior exposure to Chinese culture and the way things need to be state and done under it.4. Motivate workers the new manager can help further the interests of the company by extending per cultivateance based incentives in the form of financial b enefits. This requires that the manager monitor the performance of every worker and keep track of those who are performing better in comparison to others. Other sources of motive such as promotions etc. also work a long way in this regard.5. 5. Encourage feedback and suggestions from workers the manager must understand the fact that it is the worker who spends close to of the time in the manufacturing process, and as such has a better knowledge of how the production can be improved within the existing framework. emblematic examples in this regard could be scenarios whereas certain stages of production are underutilized and others are unable to cope up with the supply and demand. Under such situations, it is the workers who can offer better suggestions. Gathering such information requires that the manager establish effective communication with the workers and make efforts to obtain feedback from them on a regular basis.CHANGES TO COMPENSATION mail boat Keeping in view that the ma nager is supposed to work in a foreign country two important changes to the requital package are suggested. The first and the foremost change to the compensation package would be decide the salary amount depending on the personal income value rates of the country where the manager is supposed to work (China in this case). This is extremely crucial as tax rates vary from country to country and having a fair idea of the tax rates for a particular country is absolutely important in order to cut down on the costs (incurred in sending the drive out to another country, which is substantially more than hiring local managers in China). Secondly, changes have to be made to the compensation package to accommodate the expenditure incurred for the purpose of schooling. This is because of the fact that the children of expatriates most likely would prefer an international school, which is quite costly in almost any city. As such, considering these costs is quite important while deciding upon t he compensation package. REFERENCES1. Geoffrey W. Latta (2006), the Future of Expatriate Compensation. Found at

Models of Comparative Healthcare Analysis Essay

Models of Comparative Healthcare Analysis - Essay ExampleEach ground has devised its own wellness care constitution, which is adapted to provide for health needs of the citizens. Different countries devise different models, which they follow to attain the chief objectives of the healthcare system that include protection of families and individuals from financial exploitation and ruin through healthcare bills, treatment, and care of the sick people and keeping individuals healthy (Paranjape & Sadanad, 2010). It is not necessary to excogitate the variations and health systems that exist in every nation, as the arrangements for health care providers seem to follow a similar pattern. Though there tend to be four models of healthcare analysis, the span of this write up does not encompass all the four models, but three models only.The first model of comparative healthcare analysis is The Beveridge Model, which was named after a social reformer who designed the National Health System of Britain. This social reformer was named William Beveridge, and he was a famous someone who influenced the health system in Britain for long. The system advocates for payment and provision of health work by the brass, which finances the operations through taxes and revenue collection from the citizens (Wurman, 2004). In countries where the model operates, most of the hospitals, clinics and other health infrastructures are owned by the nation, and most of the health personnel who work in the health facilities are employees of the government (Paranjape & Sadanad, 2010).... This social reformer was named William Beveridge, and he was a famous person who influenced the health system in Britain for long. The system advocates for payment and provision of health services by the government, which finances the operations through taxes and revenue collection from the citizens (Wurman, 2004). In countries where the model operates, most of the hospitals, clinics and other health infrastructu res are owned by thenation, and most of thehealth personnel who work in the health facilities are employees of the government (Paranjape & Sadanad, 2010). However, other doctors and nurses in this model work on a private basis, and they get their salaries from the government. Britains citizens never get hospital bills that wipe out the entire savings of families, relatives and friends (Institute of Medicine, 1994). The Beveridge Model has reduced per capita since the government regulates the practices of doctors and other medical personnel, as well as the fees that they charge for treatment of patients. The Beveridge Model is popular in the original place where it started (Great Britain), and other regions and countries, such as Scandinavia, Spain and New Zealand. Hong Kong has maintained The Beveridge Model of the healthcare system, which is a symbol of the ideology that the nation has maintained after its independence from the Britons. Despite the fact that The Beveridge Model is evident in most parts of the world, Cuba is a perfect example of a country where this model is practiced to the letter. The government has total control of the heath system, and it controls all services and operations of doctors. Patients get their health services at the expense of the government, and every citizen is guaranteed

President George Washington's Childhood Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

President George Washingtons Childhood - Essay ExampleThese critical years laid a foundation for the greater tasks that awaited him later.George Washingtons father, Augustine Washington, had high ambitions. He owned slaves, land, practiced tobacco farming, built mills and dealt with iron mines. He married George Washingtons mother, bloody shame Ball in 1731 after the death of his offset printing wife, Jane Butler in 1729 who had left behind three children. George Washington was the first born of the six children born by Mary Ball. Their family was prosperous, and among the top middle class of Virginia (Freeman, Alexander & Ashworth, 2007).George Washington spent most of his youth on Ferry Farm on the Rappahannock River, Virginia. Little is known most his childhood. However, a widely held notion is that George Washington was home schooled between the ages five and fifteen, and attended sexton classes at a nearby church. Career wise, George Washington first worked as a teacher of Mat h, Geography, English, and Latin classics. This was important as it prepared him for future leadership roles. His interaction with supervisors in plantations and backwoodsmen made him more knowledgeable. He had learnt survey, tobacco growing and stock rising by the time he was a teenager.At the age of eleven, he lost his father and so lived with Lawrence, his half-brother, who brought him up in a commendable way. Here, he received schooling in the colonial culture under the directions of Lawrences wife, Anne Fairfax. At the age of sixteen, George was part of a surveying group that plotted land in the Western territory of Virginia. In 1749, Lord Fairfax appointed George, to be the official surveyor of Culpeper, Augusta, and Frederick Counties. The two years experience as a surveyor made George a strong and resourceful man, both physically and psychologically. This also enhanced his interest in land buying, which prevailed for the rest of his life, as he bought large pieces of land an d

The Real Chocolate Company Inc Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

The Real Chocolate Company Inc - Essay ExampleWith almost 300 chocolates in the portfolio and a further 100 turned out on special occasions like the Valentines Day, the keep company has achieved a marvelous feat of targeting every segment of the gourmet chocolate trade.The companys success is determined by the quality and strange enough the quantity of the product. With a gamut of popular proprietary recipes of its own, the company has positioned itself in the US market with unparalleled success. Its use of the best ingredients and chocolates has led to the current wave of demand for its caramel-coated apples, truffles, toffees, and fudges among others which include even a range of sugar-free sweets. The company has been marketing a health-centric verge of products to the health-conscious customer.According to the National Confectioners Association (NCA), retail confectionery sales reached $ 28.9 one million million million in 2006 in the US while retail chocolate sales surpasse d $ 16.3 billion in the same year. The gourmet chocolate consumption is about 10% of the total and was worth $ 1.3 billion in 2005. Multinational chocolate marketers like superscript Foods USA, Nestle USA Inc., Crafts Food Inc. and Ferrero USA Inc. have captured a sizeable market for each while upcoming firms like RCC Inc. has been dependent on the innovation-related strategic strength. Such strategic initiatives necessarily require a shift in both internal and external operational policies.Business schema encompasses a serial publication of other segmental operations that themselves can be regarded as sub-strategies within the holistic process of overall business strategy. For instance, operational or production strategy and marketing strategy are all part of the business strategy of the company.

Remember Reagan Essay Example for Free

Remember Reagan EssayThe 1980 US presidential campaign pitted Republican Ronald Reagan against Democrat Jimmy Carter. Why do you recover Reagan beat Carter? Reagan inherited an frugality that was in bad shape. The prime lending rate was homogeneous 15%, credit cards were 15-25%, there was be adrift rationing and soaring inflation that was 20%. He had an economic plan that was about slip of paper government size, taxes and building the US military back up. mickle got fed up with Carter and the government taxes. Sounds kind of like the Tea Party movementSort of. The Tea Party is about following the Constitution and amendments, cutting taxes and government size. But it is not a political party despite what most people think. They have conservative values for the most part like the Republican Party. Reagan linked his campaign to the spreading tax revolt by promising substantial tax cuts. Equally important, he called for restoration of American faculty and pride. (Brinkley, Chapt er 31, 2012). What did he actually do about this while in office? He had Reaganomics (supply-side economics). He cut taxes on the premise that businesses and investors could push the economy into growth after the energy crisis of the 70s, high taxes and high interest rates on loans. The US economy blew up in the mid/ late 80s. What about the size of the government? What did he do about that and what were the results? He cut government programs. I am not sure which. I think he did some cuts on Medicare and Medicaid. Low income housing.He broke the air traffic controller union after they tried to strike for better wages. They make way more than most already so he canned most of them. There were reductions in food stamps, subsidized low-income housing, limitations on Medicare and Medicaid payments, reductions in student loans, school lunches, and other educational programs and an end to many forms of federal assistance to the states and cities (Brinkley, Chapter 31, 2012). He increas ed military spending tremendously instead. Why? The military was maligned by the media and most of the US population after Vietnam.There were huge defense cuts on programs that were deemed unnecessary like the F-15 fighter which is now seen as a notable fighter platform. According to the book Reagans War, one of his most important campaign promises had been to restore American military might. After overmuch internal flip over domestic policy, increased military spending and reduced social programs with his cabinet, Reagan is quoted as saying I am the commander in chief my uncreated responsibility is the security of the United States if we dont have security, well have no need for social programs. But he made the national debt go up a chance.Yes he did. Part of Reagans plan was to combat the Soviet expansion by out spending them militarily. His advisors figured that the Soviet economy could not take much more due to huge expenses on their side. After the SALT treaty was negotiat ed, the Soviets continued to build 48,000 nuclear weapons. The agreed upon phone number was 25,000. The US stopped at the 15,000 units from the SALT treaty. KGB documents confirmed this after the Soviet breakup in the 90s. Reagan just spent them into collapse knowing that they would separate out to keep up. The evil empire is no longer a threat. What about the Iran-Contra affair? What do you know about why and who? Reagan spent so much effort on the Soviet theatre that he was not able to do the selfsame(prenominal) with third world threats like Nicaragua or the PLO. So he funded covert operations and weapons to prop up governments or oppose them depending on if they supported America.In the Iran Contra affair, he had the Israelis sell weapons to Iran who were to work to get hostages released from a terrorist organization. The property would then be funneled to pay for the Contras in Nicaragua that were fighting the communist Sandinistas. The administration was weakened as it was seen that hostages could be taken to get money and weapons. This is kind of the like the initial release of the hostages in 1980. What do you know about that? The US government tried to negotiate, rescue and embargo Iran for the hostages taken under Carters administration. They were released when Reagan was elected. He dealt from a position of power and the Iranians respected that.The US government eased economic sanctions prior to the release too What about religion? What did the new right and religious right have to do with the era of Reagan? Well, born again Christians were becoming more vocal in the 70s. Pat Robertson, Falwell, Jim and Tammy Fay Baker. They had a lot of followers and money and they were conservative in their views. Abortion, feminism, homosexuality and the separation of church and state were all fought over. The right was for traditional values of the bible, against abortion, gays and some views of feminism. Reagan supported the same conservative views so he ga thered much of their support. It also allowed him to tap into the financial support of this branch. How about the assassination attempt? Why did that happen?Sirhan Sirhan? No, bum Hinkley, Jr. I think he (Hinkley) was in love with Jodie Foster and thought that Reagan was in the way. Shot him with a .22, but Reagan survived. He bounced back beauteous quickly and became even more driven.ReferencesBrinkley, A. (2012). American History (14th ed.). Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection database. Schewizer, P. (2002). Reagans War. New York, NY Double Day.

Birmingham Campaign Essay Example for Free

Birmingham Campaign EssayCampaign Essay notes Cause Underlying cause of history of slavery, emancipation, segregation/ Jim Crow laws. Long barrier cause of growing Black Civil Rights movement building momentum and raising awareness of issue. Previous Black Civil rights campaigns that inspired and sparked e. g. Events such as Montgomery Bus Boycott which gave MLKing his first big leadership role. Also Freedom Riders, Brown VS board of Ed.Birmingham was one of the worst segregated big cities in the USA History of harsh and violent segregation and mistreatment of black citizens, KKK support and membership, epicentre of racism in the South Government officials pro-segregation SCLC- Kings assembly NAACP was banned Eg. Bull Connor and .. The failure of Albany- lack of publicity. Event Police violence Dog attacks High pressure hoses Arrests. By-standers violence Childrens Crusade (primary and secondary)Martin Luther King creation arrested Letter from Birmingham Jail Project C = dir ect action and provocation Non-violent provocations osit ins at White Churches, marches, boycotts, lunch counters etc. Use of children to fuel protest core Publicity National/International sympathy White backlash oSixteenth St Baptist Church bombing killing 4 girls oHotel bombed where Martin Luther King Jr and SCLC had stayed oMartin Luther King Jrs brother Alfreds house bombedRiots March on Washington Civil Rights Act of 1964 Governor Wallace sent State Troops to stop desegregation of schools and in response give Kennedy sent Federal Troops. Martin Luther Kings reputation (I have a dream speech). Nobel Peace prize 1964. Positives oJim Crow laws taken passel desegregating public facilities eg Lunch counters, drinking fountains etc oAllowed Black employment oMore rights for Black citizens

Descriptive Words Essay Example for Free

Descriptive Words EssayWords Smile, grin, beam, smirk . . . Frown, scowl, glare, glower, grimace . . . Stare, gaze, gape, watch, gawk, ogle, look, examine, leer . . . Flinch, recoil, balk, cringe, shy away, pull back, wince, cower, shrink, tremble . . . Incredulous, disbelieving, skeptical, doubtful, dubious, uncertain, suspicious, questioning, vague . . . Quizzical, questioning, puzzled, surprised, perplexed, inquiring Interested, curious, involved, attentive, concerned, attracted, fascinated, engrossed . . .Sad, gloomy, cheerless, depressing, dark, dull, thick, dreary . . Happy, content, pleased, glad, joyful, cheerful, blissful, exultant, ecstatic, delighted, cheery, jovial . . . Scared, frightened, terrified, petrified, afraid, fearful, nervous, anxious, worried, timid, shy . . . Strong, burly, brawny, strapping, muscular, beefy, tough, fervent, intense, zealous, avid, eager . . . Coy, bashful, timid, modest, reserved, demure . . . Indifferent, apathetic, unresponsive . . . Remote, aloof, detached, distant . . Threatened, intimidated, alarmed, worried, anxious, troubled, upset, distressed, shocked, ball over . . . Crash, thud, bump, thump, bang, thunder, smash, explode, roar, shout, scream, screech, shout, whistle, whine, squawk, blare, slam, stomp, stamp, noise, clap, bark, meow, moo, boom, yell, whisper, hum, snap, hiss, crackle . . . Taut, uptight, immobilized, paralyzed, tense, stretched, hollow, alarmed, strong, weak, sweaty, breathless, nauseated, sluggish, weary, tired, alive, feisty . . .Angry, resentful, irritated, enraged, furious, annoyed, inflamed, provoked, infuriated, offended, sullen, indignant, irate, wrathful, cross, sulky, bitter, frustrated, grumpy, boiling, fuming, stubborn, belligerent, confused, awkward, bewildered, empty . . . Angrily, anxiously, brightly, cheerfully, comfortably, curiously, delightfully, eagerly, enormously, excitedly, faintly, falsely, fearfully, foolishly, frightfully, gently, gracefully, gratefully, greedil y, grumpily, helplessly, heroically, hungrily, impatiently, joyfully, kindly, luckily, magically, majestically, merrily, remarkably, splendidly, strangely, swiftly, unusuallyAfraid, fearful, frightened, timid, wishy-washy, shaky, apprehensive, fidgety, terrified, panicky, tragic, hysterical, cautious, shocked, horrified, insecure, impatient, nervous, dependent, anxious, pressured, worried, doubtful, suspicious, hesitant, awed, dismayed, scared, petrified, gutless . . . Bad, worse, poor, terrible, horrible, evil, wicked, corrupt, heinous, inferior, inept, ill, unfortunate , distressful . . .Big, huge, giant, gigantic, monstrous, tremendous , gargantuan , large, wide, important, influential, immense, massive, bulky, heavy, voluminous . . . Eager, keen, earnest, intent, zealous, ardent, avid, anxious, enthusiastic, proud . . . Fearless,, encouraged, courageous, confident, secure, independent, reassured, bold, brave, daring, heroic, hardy, determined, loyal, proud, impulsive . . . Good, excellent, fine, satisfactory , kind, generous, worthy, humane, pure, benign, benevolent , proper, valid, upgrade . . Happy, brisk, buoyant, calm, carefree, cheerful, cheery, comfortable, complacent, contented, ecstatic, elated, enthusiastic, excited, exhilarated, generous, glad, grateful, hilarious, inspired, jolly, joyous, lighthearted, merry, optimistic, peaceful, playful, pleased, relaxed, restive, satisfied, serene, sparkling, spirited, surprised, vivacious . . Hurt, injured, isolated, offended, distressed, pained, suffering, afflicted, worried, tortured . . Little, small, tiny, microscopic, miniscule, minute, inconsequential, Lilliputian, insignificant, narrow, thin, paltry, modest, slender, slight . . . Looked, gazed, peered, starched , stared, glanced, sighted, regarded , attended , viewed, inspected , directed, followed . . Nice, friendly, helpful, gentle, warm, inspiring, good-natured, kind, generous, cheerful, loving, happy, funny, peppy, relaxed, thoughtful, cooperativ e . . .Ran, trotted, skipped, hurried, moved, sped, operated, progressed , glided, flowed, traced, pursued, galloped, loped, fled . . . Sad, sorrowful, unhappy, depressed, melancholy, gloomy, somber, dismal, heavy-hearted, mournful, dreadful, dreary, flat, blah, dull, in the dumps, sullen, moody, sulky, out of sorts, low, discontented, discouraged, disappointed, concerned, sympathetic, compassionate, choked up, embarrassed, shameful, ashamed, useless, worthless, ill at ease . . .Said, acknowledged, acquiesced, added, addressed, admitted, admonished, advised, advocated, affirmed, agreed, alleged, allowed, announced, answered, approved, argued, asked, assented, asserted, assumed, assured, attested, avowed, babbled, bantered, bargained, barked, began, begged, bellowed, beseeched, boasted, bragged, brought, called, cautioned, charged, chided, cited, claimed, commanded, comment, commented, complained, conceded, concluded, condescended, confessed, confided, consented, contended, contested , continued, contradicted, counseled, countered, cracked, cried, debated, decided, declared, decreed, demanded, demurred, denied, denounced, described, dictated, directed, disclosed, disrupted, divulged, drawled, droned, elaborated, emphasized, enjoined, entreated, enunciated, estimated, exclaimed, explained, exposed, expressed, faltered, feared, foretold, fumed, giggled, granted, granted, grinned, groaned, growled, grumbled, haggled, hedged, held, hesitated, hinted, howled, imparted, implied, implored, indicated, inferred, informed, inquired, insinuated, insisted, instructed, nterjected, interrogated, intimated, intimidated, itemized, jested, judged, lamented, laughed, lectured, lied, lisped, listed, made, maintained, mentioned, mimicked, moaned, mumbled, murmured, mused, muttered, nagged, narrated, noted, notified, objected, observed, opined, orated, ordered, petitioned, pleaded, pled, pointed, prayed, predicted, proclaimed, professed, prompted, pronounced, proposed, propounded, p rotested, proved, publicized, queried, questioned, quibbled, quipped, quoted, rambled, ranted, reaffirmed, reasoned, reassured, reciprocated, recited, recommended, recounted, referred, refuted, regretted, reiterated, rejoiced, rejoined, related, relented, remarked, reminded, remonstrated, repeated, replied, reported, reprimanded, requested, responded, restated, resumed, retorted, returned, revealed, roared, ruled, sanctioned, scoffed, scolded, screamed, shouted, shrieked, snapped, sneered, sobbed, solicited, specified, spoke, sputtered, stammered, stated, stipulated, stormed, stressed, stuttered, suggested, taunted, testified, thought, threatened, told, twitted, unbridled, urged, uttered, vowed, wailed, warned, went, wept, whispered, whistled, whooped, wrangled, yawned, yelled . . . Amazing, Attractive, Authentic, Beautiful, Better, Big, Colorful, Colossal, Complete, Confidential, Enormous, Excellent, Exciting, Exclusive, Expert, Famous, Fascinating, Free, Full, Genuine, Gigantic, H uge, Informative, Instructive, Interesting, Lavishly, Liberally, Mammoth, Professional, Startling, Strange, Strong, Sturdy, Successful, Superior, Surprise . . .Crammed, Delivered, Directed . . . Brave, Angry, Bright, Busy, Clever, Cold, Cozy, Deep, Flat, Foggy, Free, Fresh, Frozen, Gentle, Giant, Glad, Grand, Hollow, Hungry, Hurt, Lucky, Neat, New, Old, Polite, Proud, Rough, Serious, Shiny, Short, Shy, Smooth, Spotted, Strong, Tall, Tough, Weak, Wide, Wild, Wise, Bumpy, Careful, Cheerful, Chilly, Clean, Cloudy, Crisp, Damp, Enormous, Fancy, Flashy, Flowery, Frosty, Fuzzy, Huge, Icy, Kind, Marvelous, Merry, Messy, Mighty, Misty, Moldy, Plaid, Plain, Quiet, Scented, Selfish, Sharp, Slim, Slippery, Sloppy, Sly, Soggy, Spicy, Stormy, Striped, Sweet, Tasty, Thinly, Tiny, Velvety, Twinkling, Weak, Worn, younker . . .

Effects of Three Body Transformed Hamiltonian

Effects of Three Body Transformed HamiltonianCHAPTER 6CONTRIBUTION OF THREE BODY transform HAMILTONIAN () THROUGH FULL CONNECTED TRIPLE EXCITATION COUPLED CLUSTER OPERATORS TO VALENCE IONIZATION POTENTIALS OF F2 AND Cl2 COMPUTED VIA EIP-VUMRCCSD SCHEME6.1 IntroductionIn this work, the effects of three torso modify Hamiltonian through full connected triples is studied on F2 and Cl2. To see the role of 1 in terms of magnitude, two kinds of computations named schemeA and schemeB are done. Scheme A includes along with the other usual diagrams for EIP-MRCCSD matrix 1-4. In schemeB, the term is totally absent. In this calculations, two chemically raise and challenging bulwarkecules F2, and Cl2 ( because Fluorine atom is most electronegative, and Cl2 contains as many as 34 electrons ) are considered . The basis sets cc-pVDZ and cc-pVTZ (spherical Gaussians) 5 and experimental equilibrium geometry are used in these computations. The basis sets were collected from http//www.emsl.pnl .gov2080/forms/basisform.html. circuit board 6.1 and 6.2 contain all results.6.2. Results and DiscussionBoth the molecules are linear and centro-symmetric and hence their point group is Dh off of which we consider exactly the largest abelian sub-group D2h. All outer- valence main vertical IPs are presented in Table 6.1. Since independent particle model is valid here, some Koopmans configurations appear season going from one basis to another. Naturally, there is aforesaid(prenominal) one-to-one correspondence between scheme-A and scheme-B also. For single bonded molecule F2, the contribution of is small. For 2u state , the differences in the case of cc-pVDZ and cc-pVTZ are 0.026 eV(.600 kcal/mol) and 0.029 eV(0.669 kcal/mol) respectively. For 2u state of Cl2, the difference (cc-pVDZ) 0.040 eV(0.922 kcal/mol) is significant in view of that we are considering here the correlation dynamics of outer valence electrons.Experimental IPs are presented in the Tables with a view to reali zing the reliability of our theoretical results only. Too accurate comparison is not possible here because of the restraint of our offset basis sets. For that, approaching towards basis set saturation as much as possible is necessary. Since scheme-A (as it includes ) gives more accurate IP. From now on or unless other than explicitly mentioned, it will be assumed that a theoretical IP value relates to scheme-A only.In the inner valence region, the sizes of the basis sets sometimes influence the IP-profile of the same molecule in higher energy regions considerably. The single bonded F2 molecule is studied first, the IPs of which are presented in Table 6.2. The first 2g+ satellite of F2 shows that level best contribution of is by an amount 1.117 eV(25.758 kcal/mol) for cc-pVDZ basis and 0.910 eV(20.985 kcal/mol) for cc-pVTZ basis. The difference (cc-pVTZ) 1.117 eV(25.758 kcal/mol) for 2g+ is significant. In 2u state, the maximum contributions are 0.773 eV(17.826 kcal/mol) for cc- pVDZ basis and 0.911 eV(21.001 kcal/mol) for cc-pVTZ basis respectively. In 2u+ state, the contributions are 0.256 eV(5.903 kcal/mol) for cc-pVDZ basis and 0.267 eV(6.157 kcal/mol) for cc-pVTZ basis. Other satellites do not have the basis-to-basis correspondence. However, scheme-A to scheme-B correspondence is retained, which is based on the dominant configurations with expansion co-efficient 0.3 or more.The next test case is Cl2 molecule, the IPs of which are presented in Table 6.2. The first 2g+ satellite of Cl2 shows that maximum contribution of is by an amount 0.223 eV(5.142 kcal/mol) for cc-pVDZ basis and 1.305 eV(30.094 kcal/mol) for cc-pVTZ basis, respectively. In 2u state, the contribution is 0.167 eV(3.851 kcal/mol) for cc-pVDZ basis. In 2u+ state, the maximum contribution is 1.269 eV(29.263 kcal/mol) for cc-pVDZ basis, no such value for cc-pVTZ basis is found.The IPs onwards are pose on the basis of dominant configurations. If dominant configurations differ from basis- to-basis substantially, they are put in different rows in the tables. Thus, some IP values which appear in case of cc-pVDZ may not appear at all in case of cc-pVTZ, and vice versa. Similarly, an IP for a basis appearing in scheme-A may be absent in scheme-B, and vice versa. While in the first case it is due to basis-set effect, in the second case it is due to . If for an IP, scheme-A to scheme-B correspondence is observed, only then it is possible to make a comment on the amount by which the IP has been shifted to what extent in scheme-B relative to Scheme-A. In other words, a quantitative picture of the effect of can be made. For quite a few IPs, the contributions of are significant. The values mentioned in parenthesis are relative intensities along with IPs.MoleculeStatesConfigurations instauration cc-pVDZBasis cc-pVTZExptScheme-AScheme-BDiff(eV)Scheme-AScheme-BDiff (eV) F22g1g -115.124(0.933)15.136(0.932)0.01215.415(0.928)15.429(0.927)0.01415.87a15.70b2u1u -118.190(0.873)18.2 16(0.867)0.02618.492(0.874)18.521(0.869)0.02918.8a18.4b2+g3g -120.671(0.956)20.652(0.954)0.01920.926(0.948)20.908(0.947)0.01821.1aCl22g2g -111.138(0.954)11.136(0.954)0.00211.318(0.948)11.315(0.948)0.00311.49b2u2u -114.037(0.059)13.997(0.916)0.04014.162(0.911)14.160(0.911)0.00214.0b2+g5g -115.687(0.952)17.467(0.018)17.446(0.018)0.02115.806(0.942)15.792(0.942)19.698(0.008)0.01415.8bTable 6.1 Contribution of the diagrams for three-body transformed Hamiltonian of 3h2p-3h2p block of EIP-MRCCSD matrix (Fig.3.3, Chap. 3 ) to vertical ionization potentials ( in eV) of outer valence region (relative intensities have been put in the parentheses )1 eV = 23 .06035 kcal/mol aRef.6 bRef.7Table 6.2 Contribution of the diagrams for three-body transformed Hamiltonian of 3h2p-3h2p block of EIP-MRCCSD matrix (Fig.3.3, Chap. 3) to inner valence main and satellite vertical ionization potentials ( in eV) of F2 and Cl2 MolStatesBasis cc-pVDZBasis cc-pVTZExpt.Scheme-AScheme- B Diff Scheme- AScheme- BI Diff IF22+g29.680(0.016)40.785(0.043)42.672(0.436)50.701(0.056)54.836(0.101)28.863(0.015)40.835(0.015)42.653(0.047)50.600(0.060)53.719(0.056)0.8170.0500.0190.1011.11741.916(0.659)42.800(0.157)42.889(0.048)50.482(0.190)41.961(0.617)42.910(0.149)42.385(0.059)50.367(0.032)0.0450.9100.4040.11541.75c2u24.524(0.028)32.416(0.065)33.151(0.014)33.671(0.021)45.999(0.011)51.633(0.015)24.461(0.032)31.643(0.050)44.431(0.020)50.239(0.020)0.0630.77325.014(0.026)32.936(0.039)24.940(0.029)32.025(0.052)0.0740.9112g41.063(0.021)42.117(0.013)47.846(0.022)40.314(0.067)0.25142.491(0.011)48.659(0.013)40.691(0.047)2+u29.110(0.015)29.203(0.040)32.669(0.017)37.491(0.675)28.857(0.012)32.413(0.017)37.480(0.743)0.2530.2560.01129.690(0.030)29.762(0.038)33.195(0.022)29.432(0.039)32.928(0.023)37.289(0.667)0.3300.26737.47c cRef.8Table 6.2 continued MolStatesBasis cc-pVDZBasis cc-pVTZExpt.Scheme-AScheme- B Diff Scheme- AScheme- BI Diff ICl22+g22.222(0.027)25.085(0.013)28.214(0.650)29.962(0.020)37.302(0.038)22.137 (0.026)25.041(0.012)28.202(0.635)29.739(0.029)37.237(0.038)0.0850.0440.0120.2230.06522.443(0.034)26.423(0.019)26.655(0.073)27.479(0.164)29.939(0.032)34.358(0.021)22.356(0.033)26.637(0.019)26.684(0.059)27.477(0.152)31.244(0.048)35.660(0.004)35.631(0.048)0.0870.2140.0290.0021.3052u23.119(0.083)22.974(0.059)31.017(0.017)22.967(0.059)27.466(0.002)29.075(0.002)29.514(0.003)30.663(0.002)31.000(0.018)31.258(0.009)0.0070.0172g25.579(0.029)25.412(0.023)0.16722.607(0.002)25.606(0.015)31.139(0.002)33.351(0.014)33.470(0.012)34.804(0.010)25.534(0.011)26.019(0.006)31.076(0.002)33.308(0.008)33.404(0.011)34.099(0.003)34.804(0.003)34.844(0.011)36.413(0.007)37.059(0.002)37.728(0.002)38.080(0.002)38.619(0.001)48.004(0.001)48.067(0.001)0.0720.0630.0430.0660.0402+u22.258(0.297)24.399(0.279)26.268(0.185)38.132(0.025)41.469(0.025)22.222(0.275)24.339(0.289)26.220(0.184)38.082(0.023)40.200(0.018)0.0360.0000.0480.0501.26922.404(0.424)24.413(0.111)26.214(0.071)31.646(0.033)34.124(0.021)36.911(0.042)37.325(0.0 13)22.376(0.341)24.413(0.274)31.587(0.032)34.076(0.022)34.454(0.029)36.803(0.045)38.207(0.027)0.0280.0000.0590.0480.1086.3 Conclusion The present calculations show that for F2 and Cl2, the above-said effect sometimes is considerably high and may even be more than 21 kcal/mol (F2 cc-pVTZ) and 29 kcal/mol (Cl2 cc-pVDZ) which are much presumably due to high electronegativity of F and Cl atoms. This suggests that inclusion of is essential in high the true EIP-VUMRCC IP calculations.References1 K. Adhikari, S. Chattopadhyay, R. K. Nath, B. K. De, D. Sinha, Chem. Phys. Lett.474 (2009) 199.2 S. Chattopadhyay, A. Mitra, D. Jana, P. Ghosh and D. Sinha, Chem. Phys. Lett. 361(2002) 298.3 S. Chattopadhyay, A. Mitra and D. Sinha, J. Chem. Phys. 125 (2006) 244111.4 K. Adhikari, S. Chattopadhyaya, B. K. De, A. Sharma, R. K. Nath, D. Sinha, J. Comp.Chem. 34 (2013) 1291.5 EMSL Basis Set Library (www.emsl.pnl.gov/forms/basisform.html).6 G. Bieri, A. Schemelzer, L. sbrink and M. Jonsson, Chem. Phy s. 49 (1980) 213.7 A. B. cornfored, D. C. Frost, C. A. McDowell, J. L. Ragle, and I. A. Stenhouse, J.Chem. Phys. 54 (1971) 2651.8 P. Weightman, T. D. Thomas and D. R. Jennison, J. Chem. Phys. 78 (1983) 1652.1

Analysis of Windows Operating System and Microsoft

Analysis of Windows Ope range System and MicrosoftWhat is Windows?Windows is a individualized computing machine ope range arrangement from Microsoft that, together with some commonly use business applications such as Microsoft PowerPoint, Word and Excel, has become a de facto standard for individual drug users in to the highest degree corporations as well as in most homes. It adds a graphical user interface (GUI), virtual memory management, multitasking, and support for umteen peripheral devices. According to OneStat.com, as of August, 2006, Windows as a whole dominates the personal computer foundation, stretch outning on about 97% of the run system market sh atomic number 18, with XP accounting for about 87% of that. In comparison Mac OS has about 2% and Linux (with all distributions) about .36% The reason why this is so is generally because Windows is much much user fri residuumly and everything comes pre-packaged so user except perplex to run the application and foll ow instructions for it to install.There are many versions of Windows in operation(p) System available namelyWindows 286Windows 386Windows 3.0 and 3.11Windows 95Windows 98Windows NTWindows 2000Windows CE for use in small mobile computersWindows MeWindows XPWindows VistaWindows 7Among all those versions, Windows XP is the most popular one and it is apply by 61.9 percent of Internet users, fit in to info from Net Applications, followed by Windows 7 which has 14.46 percent of users and Vista -14.34 percent.A Brief Story On WindowsWindows mainly concentrated on providing an operating system which was user-friendly, stable and less prone to crashes when they were implementing earlier versions. Now, even though XP is generally referred to being stable and efficient compared to other copies of Windows, it is still critised for being overly amenable to security risks. Therefore the successor of XP- Vista, released in January of 2007 was designed in such a way so as it provides more sec urity. The transition time surrounded by Vista and XP is the longest one between versions of windows.Vulnerabilities Of WindowsWhat is vulnerability? It is a weakness that shams a panic possible. These vulnerabilities are used by attackers who exploits them to convey multiple attack, including stimulate the users to open ill-treatful and malicious media or to visit website which has a lot of viruses.These back end have a lot of consequences. In the worst case, a navvy or attacker displace get in force(p) entrance fee to the computer. Fortunately, windows provide a lot of solution to these vulnerabilities. The user just has to install the appropriate Microsoft patches or they are sometimes installed automatically with the help of Windows Update.Window UpdateVulnerabilities can be compared to holes. They are like holes in the system. Windows periodically releases security patches mostly as Window Updates to fix those defects. There exists different level of security known as the security level system in Windows which describes the different levels of security holesA critical security hole is a vulnerability whose exploitation could allow the propagation of an Internet flex without user action.An important hole is A vulnerability whoses exploitation could result in compromise of the confidentiality, integrity, or availability of users data, or of the integrity or availability of processing recources.A moderate security rating signifies that Exploitability could result is mitigated to a significant degree by factors such as default configuration, auditing or difficulty of exploitation.And a low hole is A vulnerability whose exploitation is extremely difficult or whose impact is minimal.SourceWindows XP all-in-one desk reference for dummies at a lower smirch is a list of Vulnerabilities in WindowsMS10-033 Two Media Decompression encrypt Execution VulnerabilitiesDescription It involves vulnerabilities in Media Decompression.Windows ships with various components that help it process and play media files, such as videos. According to Microsoft, these media handling components suffer from both unspecified statute execution vulnerabilities, involving the way they handle compressed data within in finical crafted media. Potential effect on system An attacker can exploit these vulnerabilities by encouraging user to open specially crafted media file, download and install harmful bundle, by luring them to a website containing such media or by receiving specially crafted streaming nub from a web site or any application that delivers Web content. In doing so, an attacker can exploit these vulnerabilities to gain the same user rights as the local user. If this happens, then the attacker forget gain the complete go out of that PC. users whose accounts are configured to have fewer user rights on the system could be less impacted than users who operate with administrative user rights.Microsoft rating Critical. consequence MS10-033. S ince media files are most often the common targets of exploitation by attackers due to the increase potential for circulation via social group and the fact that it has been publicly been disclosed, it is estimated that the possibility that malware authors will look to exploit these types of vulnerabilities are high and hence, update must be installed.Targeted software scheduleWindows 2000 armed service Pack 4Windows Server 2003 profit Pack 2 Windows Server 2003 x64 mutant attend Pack 2 Windows Server 2003 Itanium based Systems No Pack helper Pack 2Windows XP Service Pack 2 and 3 victor x64 Edition Service Pack 2Windows Server 2008 No Service Pack Service Pack 2 Windows Server 2008 x64 Edition No Service Pack Service Pack 2 Windows Server 2008 for Itanium establish Systems No Pack Service Pack 2Windows Vista Service Pack 1 2 Windows Vista x64 Edition Service Pack 1 2MS10-034 Cumulative ActiveX Kill Bit UpdateDescriptionActiveX controls are small programs or animations th at are downloaded or embedded in web pages which will typically enhance functionality and user experience. Many web design and development tools have built ActiveX support into their products, allowing developers to both create and make use of ActiveX controls in their programs. There are more than 1,000 existing ActiveX controls available for use today.Sourcehttp//msisac.cisecurity.org/advisories/2010/2010-043.cfmPotential effect on system There are several Microsoft and trine party ActiveX controls which particularly suffer from various security vulnerabilities, found by Microsoft and other external researchers. This vulnerability allows remote code execution if a user views malicious website that has an ActiveX control with Internet Explorer. An attacker could exploit any ActiveX controls to execute code on the users computer, with that users privileges. If user has administrative privileges, the attacker will gain full access to the users pc. Users whose accounts are configured to have fewer user rights on the system could be less impacted than users who operate with administrative user rights.Microsoft rating Critical.Solution MS10-008 This updates protects the pc by activating the Kill bit for every vulnerable ActiveX controls, they are this disabled in Windows. Microsoft Internet Explorer provides security experience which will prevent an ActiveX control from being downloaded without the users permission.Targeted SoftwareWindows 2000 Service Pack 4Windows XP Service Pack 2 Windows XP Service Pack 3Windows XP Professional x64 Edition Service Pack 2Windows Server 2003Windows VistaWindows Server 2008Windows 7 or 32-bit SystemsWindows 7 for x64-based SystemsWindows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems**Windows Server 2008 R2 for Itanium-based SystemsMS10-032 Three Privilege superlative degree Vulnerabilities in the Kernel-mode Driver (Win32k.sys)DescriptionThe kernel is the core component of any computer operating system. In Windows, access to the kerne l is provided via the Windows kernel-mode device driver (Win32k.sys). Win32k.sys suffers from terce elevation of privilege (EoP) vulnerabilities. The flaws are caused due to the way windows kernel-mode driver, improperly allocate memory when copying data from user mode frees objects that are no all-night in use manage kernel-mode driver objects validate input passed from user mode. Potential effect on system By running a specially crafted program on one of your Windows computers, an attacker can leverage any of these flaws to gain complete control of that system, regardless of his original user privileges. However, the attacker needfully to have local access to one of your computers in order to run a malicious program. So these vulnerabilities primarily pose an internal risk.Microsoft rating Important.Solution MS10-032MS10-041 .NET theoretical account Data Tampering VulnerabilityDescription The .NET Framework is software fashion model used by developers to create new Window s and web applications. Among other things, the .NET framework includes capabilities to handle cryptographically signed XML content, to fix unauthorized attackers cant alter XML messages being sent to your application. Unfortunately, the .NET framework doesnt implement XML signature checking properly. As a result, attackers could potentially send maliciously altered XML messages to applications youve created with the .NET frameworkPotential Effect on system The impact of this vulnerability differs greatly depending on the application youve designed, and what type of data you passed in your XML. If user havent been exposed to any web applications that rely on signed XML, then the flaw doesnt meet him at all.Microsoft rating Important.Targeted SoftwareMicrosoft .NET Framework 1.1 Service Pack 1Microsoft .NET Framework 1.0 Service Pack 3Microsoft .NET Framework 2.0 Service Pack 1 2Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 Service Pack 1Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5.1MS 10-037 OpenType Compact Font Format (CFF) Driver Privilege Elevation VulnerabilityDescription This vulnerability mainly occur when a driver that helps to display the OpenType CFF font, does non validate certain data passed from user space to kernel space. Moreover the driver can grant complete control of the affected system to any user who is logged in and is executing code.Potential effect on system By running a specially crafted program on one of your Windows computers, an attacker can exploit this flaw to gain complete control of that system, regardless of the attackers original user privileges. However, the attacker needs to have local access to one of your computers in order to run his malicious program. So this vulnerability primarily poses an internal risk.Microsoft rating Critical.Solution MS10-037Targeted SoftwareMicrosoft Windows 2000 Service Pack 4Windows XP Service Pack 2 3Windows XP Professional x64 Edition Service Pck 2Windows Server 2003 Service Pack 2 x64 Edition S ervice Pack 2Windows Server 2003 for Itanium-based Systems Service Pack 2Windows Vista Service Pack 1 2Windows Vista x64 Edition Service Pack 1 and 2Windows Server 2008 for 32-bit Systems No Service Pack and Service Pack 2Windows Server 2008 for x64-based Systems No Service Pack and Service Pack 2Windows Server 2008 for Itanium-based Systems No Service Pack and Service Pack 2 R2 for x64-based SystemsWindows 7 for 32-bit Systems x64-based SystemsThese are a few examples of vulnerabilities that Windows Operating Systems mainly face. This list keeps on increasing with time, and fortunately Microsoft provides update so as to overcome these problems.Sourcehttp//www.newagedev.net/2010/06/five-vulnerabilities-in-windows-and-its-components-two-critical/http//www.sophos.com/Threats AttacksThere are many types of threats and attacks that Windows has to face. Also the fact that Windows operating system are most common among computer users, they are thus the more targeted by attackers.Threa t V/S AttackWhat is a threat? A potential occurrence malicious or otherwise that may harm an assetWhat is an attack? An action taken to harm an assetFrom the two definitions above, we can say that a threat is more the possibility of doing harm to the Windows system, while attack is mainly the action taken to violate security settings.Types of Threats AttacksBelow is a list of threats and attacks that are most common which can affect your Window Operating Systems.Types Of ThreatsDescriptionCountermeasuresSpoofingIt mainly deals entering a system by stealing the identity of an authorised user.ExampleUsing the tidings and username of a person to enter his account and make changes without his permission.Do not keep password at the reach of other person. (for example in a plain text)Use spyware such as Spybot SDProtect authentication cookies with Secure Sockets Layer (SSL).Do not pass credentials in plaintext over the wire.Use secure and long password which is not easy to guess.Repu diationIt involves the denial of participation in a communication which has occurred or denying that learning has been received.Make use of digital signatures.Create secure audit trails.Tampering with dataIt mainly involves changing data manually to generate unexpected result.ExampleChanging data on a web site.Use data hashing and signing.Use digital signatures.Use strong authorization.Use tamper-resistant protocols across communication links.Secure communication links with protocols that provide message integrity.Denial of servicePrevent legitimate user from accessing a net profit or compuer by saturating it with requests.Use resource and bandwidth throttling techniques.Validate and filter input.Use software available on the net such as Radwares APSolute OSInformation DisclosureIt mainly involves making confidential entropy accessible to public or a group of unauthorised person.Encrypt file where information is stored.Keep back-up in secure places and use strong authorisations.U se passwords to be able to gain access to these informationUse secure network when move information.Malware (malicious Programs)It consists of any program that is installed either with or without permission of user, and whose aim is to cause harm to users pc by either gaining partial or full access to the system. Its impact can vary from slight as changing a folders name to full control of your machine without the ability for the user to easily bob up out.Types of Malicious Programs computer viruses worms Trojan horses spyware Harmful adware alarmware, crimeware, Most rootkits, and other malicious and unwanted software or program.Computer VirusesThey are programs designed to cause harm to our computer system or the applications on the software. They are often attached to files which appear to be harmless to the operating system, but as soon as it is installed, the computer will operate different. There are viruses which even manage to close your computer without your permission.T ypes of Computer Viruses* Boot sector computer virusesThese types of viruses mainly affect the lift sector of the computer which is mainly in the bootable disk or in particular location in user computer hard drive. The boot sector viruses mainly affected the windows 2000 and examples of such viruses are Disk Killer and Michelangelo.* E air virusesEmails viruses are transmitted through email as it name suggest. ordinarily they can be found as attachment and as soon as they are opened the computer gets the virus. Some may even imitate by themselves by forwarding themselves to all the e-mail addresses in the users address book. This type of virus is spread very quickly. Even though most of the mail system provides users with scan, a precaution one can take is opening mail from known-people only.* Companion virusesCompanion viruses mainly affect a computers MS-DOS system. They create good program that appears to be like the other normal files that are found on the computer. When a w rong command is enter into the prompt of the computer, it may end up executing the virus instead of the program that initially wanted to run. Fortunately, Windows like XP prevent such viruses from installing into computer as they do not require to use the MS-Dos command prompt.WormsWorms have the characteristic of self-replicating itself and they are thus spread very quickly. They exploit vulnerability on operating system and provide a gateway for other malware such as Trojan horse. An example of a worm which caused a lot of harm to mainly Window Operating system is the ILOVEYOU virus.According to an article on WordPressTidBits For the Rest Of Us(WPTidBits), the ILOVEYOU worm (a.k.a. VBS/Loveletter and Love Bug worm), is a computer worm written in VBScript and it is considered by many as the most damaging worm ever. It started in the Philippines on May 4, 2000, and spread across the world in one day (traveling from Hong-Kong to Europe to the fall in States), infecting 10 percent of all computers connected to the Internet and causing about $5.5 billion in damage. Most of the damage was the labor of getting rid of the virus. The worm arrived in e-mail boxes with the simple subject of ILOVEYOU and an attachment LOVE-LETTER-FOR-YOU.TXT.vbs. The Pentagon, CIA, and the British Parliament had to shut down their e-mail systems to get rid of the worm, as did most cosmic corporations.The worm overwrote important files, as well as music, multimedia and more, with a copy of itself. It also sent the worm to everyone on a users contact list. This particular worm only affected computers running the Microsoft Windows operating system. While any computer accessing e-mail could receive an ILOVEYOU e-mail, only Microsoft Windows systems would be infected. The worm propagates by send out copies of itself to all entries in the Microsoft Outlook address book. It also has an additional component, in which it will download and execute an infected program called variously WIN-BUGSFI X.EXE or Microsoftv25.exe. This is a password-stealing program which will e-mail cached passwords.Trojan horseIt is a malware which is difficult to retrieve, since it masquerades itself into files which appear to be normal. It can be on the computer without doing anything, and last one day it can be the reason why your operating system has crashed. Unlike viruses, Trojan horses do not replicate themselves but they can be just as destructive. One of the most insidious types of Trojan horse is a program that claims to rid your computer of viruses but instead introduces viruses onto your computer.SpywareSpyware unremarkably a tool used by companies to record web surfing habits Spyware is also known as the Advertising Supported software. They normally do not do any harm to the operating system as such, but they transmit personal identifiable information from a computer to some place in the internet without the permission of the user.Harmful adwareAdwareis the common name used to desc ribe software that is given to the user with advertisements embedded in the application They usually run advertisement or downloads posters without the permission of the user which often cause problem.ScarewareScareware are usually software used for market but which has unethical marketing tactics. For example, software which scans the computer and informs user that his computer is infected, and the later will have to download the following antivirus to be able to remove them. Hence, as its name says scare ware is a software designed to scare people by providing them with inexact information so as to promote a particular software/applications.CrimewareCrimeware consists of an application or a program which helps people to set illegal activities. For example, software to hack windows live messenger password. They normally steal personal information about user of an account.RootkitIt enables an attacker to have root access to the computer, which means it runs at the lowest level of the machine. A rootkit typically intercepts common API calls. For example, it can intercept requests to a file manager such as Explorer and cause it to keep certain files hidden from display, even reporting false file counts and sizes to the user. Rootkits came from the UNIX world and started out as a set of altered utilities such as the Is command, which is used to list file names in the directory (folder).Sourcehttp//www.pcmag.com/encyclopedia_term/0,2542,t=root+kiti=55733,00.aspRootkits are normally inserted by the intruder so that he can again have access to it a later stage. Rather than just being a piece of code, it is a system of many linked programs designed to take control of a machine at the administrator level, and remain hidden to the systems users or legitimate administrators. The purpose of rootkits includecollecting information about computers (including other computers on a network) and their users (such as passwords and financial information), causing such computer s to malfunctionand creating or relaying spam.Prevention against MalwareAntivirusAntivirus should be installed to prevent malware from gaining access to the computer.Anti-spywareIt helps user to identify and remove spyware from Operating system. Moreover it defends users computer from themAnti-adwareIt scans the computer and removes adware. Moreover it can also detect other miscellaneous codes which the antivirus has not detected.FirewallIt is a set of device or devices that can be used to monitor both incoming malware from network or on users pc when he enters an external disk.Window UpdateAllow windows to update automatically, since it provides users computer with required patches to fight against new type of malware.Making Windows more secure1. VirtualisationThis method mainly involves using another computer in your computer. What is meant by that is software like Adware, allow you to install windows and use it. Thus you can connect to any device or any site and if the pc crash, there will still be your main Operating system running.2. User Account ControlIt is a method which is mainly applicable for users of Vista and Windows 7 only. It an effective measure that Microsoft has made to ensure that user does not perform any action which can turn out to be harmful for the system. Also, user is being asked for permission whenever a program is installed. If a virus tries to run without the knowledge of the user or his permission, UAC will pop up with the usual continue or cancel message giving him one last find oneself to stop that particular infection. UAC can be adjusted in the Control Panel under User Accounts.3. BrowserInternet Explorer is not a safe browser. (Not including IE9) and they are the most targeted browser. Firefox, Chrome and Safari have support for extensions, and the options available for each browserInternet Explorer can be used however any version below 7 does not meet the required security level.When using it make sure that the InPrivate an d SmartScreen filters are active. Also, make sure that the activeX and file being downloaded are safe.4. Safe Internet PracticesInternet contains many viruses and one will never know when they might hit. Below is a guideline for a few good practices to follow when using the internetIf its questionable in real life, its probably the same online. Downloading illegal torrents, visiting sites, and looking for bomb-making information is an easy way to ask for a virus infection.Know what is being clicking on. Avoid pop up messages, congratulations message etc..Maintain computer by updating anti-virus. If not maintained, the system becomes slow and vulnerable.Monitor all activity on computer. If the computer is being used by other user, ensure that they too is using the computer correctly.Reach out and ask questions. Its ok not to know if a certain website is safe or if an email is a scam. Ask more knowledgeable people or research the subject to find out if it is or not.OpenDNSOpenDNS -re directs requests through a third party server which is managed and updated to optimize speed and security. Using the OpenDNS server can keep user from visiting known malicious sites or keep malicious scripts from running. This is especially utile for multi-user environments because user can create an account and manage in more detail what sites the computers are allowed to visit (parental controls).